Women Working in the Management of Professional Baseball: Getting to First Base?

Abstract

Women are slowly beginning to make in-roads into many professions. Estimates indicate women will constitute 47% of the workforce by the year 2000 (Sullivan, 1992). Labor Department statistics from 1990 stated women held about 40% of all managerial positions (Marlow, Marlow, & Arnold, 1995). Women now hold approximately 10% of positions on Fortune 500 companies’ boards of directors (Townsend, 1996). Women are starting to become a presence in many non-traditional male-dominated professions as well. Non-traditional occupations have been defined as those having less than 30–34% women in their ranks (Hayes, 1985). Women have made gains in areas such as insurance (Wojick, 1997), photojournalism (Riccihardi, 1998), logistics (Lynagh, Murphy & Poist, 1996), banking, finance, and health care, and other male-dominated areas as well (Gallman, 1997). Although the picture in some industries may be getting slightly brighter, in some traditionally male dominated professions, such as electronics (Elliott,

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