Articlehybrid2014

Knowing weather in place: the Helm Wind of Cross Fell

Lucy Veale · Georgina H. Endfield · Simon Naylor

26 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Historical Geography

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Diverse Historical and Scientific Studies Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations History of Science and Natural History

Abstract

The Helm Wind of Cross Fell, North Pennines, is England's only named wind. As a product of the particular landscape found at Cross Fell, the Helm is a true local wind, and a phenomenon that has come to assume great cultural as well as environmental significance in the region and beyond. In this paper we draw on material from county histories, newspaper archives, and documents relating to investigations of the Helm Wind that were conducted by the Royal Meteorological Society between 1884 and 1889, and by British climatologist Gordon Manley (1908–1980), between 1937 and 1939, to document attempts to observe, measure, understand and explain this local wind over a period of 200 years. We show how different ways of knowing the Helm relate to contemporary practices of meteorology, highlighting the shifts that took place in terms of what constituted credible meteorological observation. We also acknowledge the overlapping nature of these ways of knowing and the persistence of multiple testimonies about the Helm and its effects.

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References

1953Climate and the British Scene 2007Intimate universality: local and global themes in the history of weather and climate 1990Appropriating the Weather: Vilhelm Bjerknes and the Construction of a Modern Meteorology 1976The history and antiquities of the counties of Westmorland and Cumberland 1986Robert FitzRoy and the Early History of the Meteorological Office 2011Lay Observers, Telegraph Lines, and Kansas Weather: The Field Network as a Mode of Knowledge Production 2011Reculturing and Particularizing Climate Discourses: Weather, Identity, and the Work of Gordon Manley

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