Health Inequalities in Korea: Current Conditions and Implications

Yu‐Mi Kim · Myoung‐Hee Kim

27 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

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Health disparities and outcomes Public Health and Social Inequalities Health and Medical Studies

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to summarize the current conditions and implications of health inequalities in South Korea. METHODS: Through a literature review of empirical studies and supplementary analysis of the data presented in the 1998, 2001, and 2005 KNHANEs, we evaluated the extent and trends of socioeconomic inequalities in both health risk factors, such as smoking, physical activity, and obesity, and outcomes, such as total mortality, subjective poor health status by self-reports and metabolic syndrome. Relative risks and odds ratios were used to measure differences across socioeconomic groups, and the relative index of inequality was used to evaluate the changes in inequalities over time. RESULTS: We found clear inequalities to various degrees in most health indicators. While little change was observed in mortality differences over time, the socioeconomic gaps in risk factors and morbidity have been widening, with much larger differences among the younger population. CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic inequalities are pervasive across various health indicators, and some of them are increasing. The trends in socioeconomic inequalities in health should be carefully monitored, and comprehensive measures to alleviate health inequalities are needed, especially for young populations.

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References

1997Self-Rated Health and Mortality: A Review of Twenty-Seven Community Studies 1997Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: An overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe 2006Methods in Social Epidemiology 2002Challenging inequities in health: from ethics to action 2004Health inequalities in Korea: age- and sex-specific educational differences in the 10 leading causes of death 2004Trends in socioeconomic health inequalities in Korea: use of mortality and morbidity measures 2007A Cross-Sectional Study of Socioeconomic Status and the Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults 2005Explaining socioeconomic inequality in mortality among South Koreans: an examination of multiple pathways in a nationally representative longitudinal study

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