Oxytocin antagonists delay the initiation of parturition and prolong its active phase in rats

Irina A. Antonijevic · Alison J. Douglas · Sandra Dye · R.J. Bicknell · Gareth Leng · Jeffrey A. Russell

63 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Endocrinology

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Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis

Abstract

Abstract The physiological importance of oxytocin for the initiation and maintenance of labour and delivery is controversial. We investigated the effects of two novel peptide oxytocin antagonists on the onset and the progress of delivery in rats implanted with a jugular vein cannula one day before term. During delivery rats were given either an oxytocin antagonist (OVT16, n=10, or F382, n=7, 30 μg/kg) or vehicle (n=10, 9) after the birth of the second pup and the time to deliver five more pups was recorded. Other rats were given an injection of F382 (30 μg/kg, n=7) or vehicle (n=9) after the birth of the fourth pup and the time to deliver three more pups was recorded. In another experiment rats were given repeated injections of F382 (30 or 60 μg/kg, n=13, 11) or vehicle (n=32) prepartum on the day of expected term and the time of onset and the progress of delivery was recorded. Rats given an antagonist after the second pup delivered the next five pups in 100 ± 8 min (F382) and 83 ± 12 min (OVT16), significantly slower than the respective controls (51 ± 6 and 49 ± 6 min, U-test, P<0·05). Four of the 7 rats given F382 after the fourth pup showed no prolongation of delivery (time between pups 4–7: 24·7±2·9 vs 27·5±3·1 min in controls), while in the other three rats delivery was prolonged (time between pups 4–7: 86 ± 4·3 min). The onset of delivery was significantly delayed in rats given repeated injections of F382 at 60 μg/kg on the afternoon of expected delivery but before labour had begun (median shift 14·5 h vs controls, U-test, P<0·05). These results suggest that in rats oxytocin is involved in both the initiation and the maintenance of parturition and that it is more important during the early rather than the later stages of delivery. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 145, 97–103

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2016Magnocellular Neurons and Posterior Pituitary Function 2001Oxytocin and its Receptor in the Process of Parturition 2001Uterine Contractile Activity Stimulates Supraoptic Neurons in Term Pregnant Rats Via a Noradrenergic Pathway**This work was supported by The Wellcome Trust (Project Grant 047318/Z/96/Z) and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.2017Advances in the role of oxytocin receptors in human parturition

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