Describing persons with disability: Salience of disability, gender, and ethnicity.

Odile Rohmer · Eva Louvet

85 citations0/0 files storedRehabilitation Psychology

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Disability Rights and Representation Social and Intergroup Psychology Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport

Abstract

PURPOSE: Most of the literature in social psychology on social categorization reveals the primacy of gender and ethnicity in person perception. The purpose of the current research was to examine the salience of visible disability (person in a wheelchair) compared with the salience of gender and ethnicity. METHOD: In two experiments, the authors compared descriptions of targets with or without disability (in a wheelchair or on a bike), female or male (Experiments 1 and 2), Black or White (Experiment 2). RESULTS: Results supported the hypothesized salience of disability: Targets with disability are immediately described by disability, independent of gender and ethnicity, whereas targets without disability are primarily identified by gender and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that disability can be considered a superordinate social category.

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References

1999Dual-process theories in social psychology 1990A Continuum of Impression Formation, from Category-Based to Individuating Processes: Influences of Information and Motivation on Attention and Interpretation 2000Essentialist beliefs about social categories 1996A Model of Factors Affecting the Treatment of Disabled Individuals in Organizations 1992Categorization of individuals on the basis of multiple social features.2003Race and gender on the brain: Electrocortical measures of attention to the race and gender of multiply categorizable individuals.1992Exemplar-based model of social judgment.1987Group Processes and Intergroup Relations

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