A Reconceptualization of Erikson’s Theory: The Repetition of Existential and Instrumental Themes

Abstract

Erikson’s developmental theory might be viewed as a cycle that repeats twice: once from basic trust to identity, and again from identity to integrity. In this scheme, Erikson’s key idea that each stage integrates previous stages is preserved, although some are now regarded as more important than others for later stages; namely, the stage of intimacy is viewed as a replay of basic trust and autonomy, and generativity as a replay of initiative and industry. Further, intimacy tends to be a repetition of an existential theme that characterizes basic trust and autonomy, and generativity a repetition of an instrumental theme that characterizes initiative and industry. Basic trust also belongs to a core theme of wholeness/continuity along with identity and integrity. The new model seems compatible with existing findings while also implying some new research directions.

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