Measures of Individual Differences in Temperament

Abstract

Reliability and validity data are presented for three orthogonal measures of temperament: trait-pleasure, trait-arousal, and trait-dominance. The KR-20 reliability coefficients for the three scales were .91, .60, and .84, respectively. Intercorrelations among the three scales were insignificant and low. Thus, the expectation that these three measures could be used as a parsimonious base for the description of temperament was confirmed. The trait-pleasure scale was correlated positively with measures of social desirability, achieving tendency, extroversion, and affiliative tendency, and was correlated negatively with measures of trait-anxiety, neuroticism, and aggression. The trait-arousal scale was not related to the social desirability scale, and was correlated positively with measures of trait-anxiety, neuroticism, and aggression. The trait-dominance scale was also free of social desirability bias. It exhibited positive correlations with measures of dominance-submissiveness, autonomy, extroversion, achieving tendency, and aggression, and negative correlations with measures of trait-anxiety and neuroticism.

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