The relationship between somatic and PTSD symptoms among Bhutanese refugee torture survivors: Examination of comorbidity with anxiety and depression

Mark van Ommeren · Bhogendra Sharma · Gyanendra Sharma · Ivan H. Komproe · Etzel Cardeña · Joop T. V. M. de Jong

113 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Traumatic Stress

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Migration, Health and Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

Abstract

Previous research has indicated a relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatic complaints. We examined whether this relationship is a result of shared comorbidity with anxiety and depression. Local doctors interviewed a random, community sample of 526 tortured and 526 nontortured Bhutanese refugees living in U.N. refugee camps in Nepal. The interview covered demographics, torture, somatic complaints, and PTSD, depression, and anxiety measures. Number of PTSD symptoms, independent of depression and anxiety, predicted both number of reported somatic complaints and number of organ systems involving such complaints. Physicians need to screen for PTSD when survivors of extreme stressors present nonspecific somatic complaints.

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References

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2004Psychological Assessment of Adult Posttraumatic States: Phenomenology, Diagnosis, and Measurement 2015Chronic pain in multi-traumatized outpatients with a refugee background resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study 2008Review of refugee mental health and wellbeing: Australian perspectives 2017The Association of Post-traumatic and Postmigration Stress with Pain and Other Somatic Symptoms: An Explorative Analysis in Traumatized Refugees and Asylum Seekers

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