Are apes inequity averse? New data on the token‐exchange paradigm

Juliane Bräuer · Josep Call · Michael Tomasello

179 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Primatology

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Primate Behavior and Ecology Child and Animal Learning Development Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies

Abstract

Recent studies have produced mixed evidence about inequity aversion in nonhuman primates. Brosnan et al. [Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences 272:253-258, 2005] found inequity aversion in chimpanzees and argued that effort is crucial, if subjects are to evaluate how they are rewarded in comparison to a competitor for an identical performance. In this study we investigated inequity aversion with chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans, using the method of Brosnan et al. [Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences 272:253-258, 2005] after introducing some methodological improvements. Subjects always received a less-preferred food in exchange for a token, whereas the competitor received either the same type of food for their token (equity) or a more favored food for it (inequity). Apes did not refuse more of the less-preferred food when a competitor had received the more favored food. Thus, with an improved methodology we failed to reproduce the findings of Brosnan et al. [Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences 272:253-258, 2005] that apes show inequity aversion.

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References

1999A Theory of Fairness, Competition, and Cooperation 2003The nature of human altruism 2003Monkeys reject unequal pay 2005Chimpanzees are indifferent to the welfare of unrelated group members 1928An experimental study of representative factors in monkeys.2007Tolerance Allows Bonobos to Outperform Chimpanzees on a Cooperative Task 2001CHARTING CULTURAL VARIATION IN CHIMPANZEES 2007Chimpanzees Are Rational Maximizers in an Ultimatum Game

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