Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Abstract

On April 25,1945, representatives from fifty nations convened in San Francisco to organize the United Nations. Over the course of nine weeks, the delegates debated the scope and structure of this new body. On June 26, they adopted the United Nations Charter, Article 68, which mandated that the General Assembly “set up commissions in economic and social fields and for the promotion of human rights.” In February 1946, following the first session of the General Assembly, the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) established a nine-member “nuclear” commission on human rights to recommend a structure and mission for the permanent Human Rights Commission (HRC). Unlike other commissions, however, the delegates appointed to this nuclear body would be chosen for their individual merits rather than their national affiliation. President Harry Truman appointed Eleanor Roosevelt(ER) to the United States delegation to the United Nations in December 1945. Soon after her...

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