Differences in substance use patterns among youths living in foster care institutions and in birth families

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine differences in psychosocial context of occurrence of cigarette smoking and alcohol and drugs use between adolescents living in foster homes and those living with parents.Methods: The study examined 58 adolescents (14–17 years) living in foster homes and 245 living with parents using an anonymous questionnaire.Findings: Consumption of tobacco and cannabis was more common in the group of children living in foster homes. They tried these substances earlier and used them more frequently. The most important predictor for current smoking was the number of peers who smoked. Another important predictor of current smoking was an expressed feeling of loneliness. The studied groups did not differ significantly in the occurrence of alcohol drinking.Conclusions: These results suggest that suitable prevention programmes with emphases on social groups living under adverse conditions are needed. Further research should be conducted to give more detailed insight into the reasons and psychosocial factors that precipitate the start and perpetuation of these habits in diverse environments.

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