The Impact of DNA Evidence in a Child Sexual Assault Trial

Jonathan M. Golding · Terri L. Stewart · John A. Yozwiak · Yas Djadali · Rebecca Polley Sanchez

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Jury Decision Making Processes Legal processes and jurisprudence Deception detection and forensic psychology

Abstract

Two experiments investigated the impact of DNA evidence in a child sexual assault (CSA) case involving a 6-year-old alleged victim. In Experiment 1, participants read criminal trial summaries of CSA cases in which only DNA evidence was presented, only the alleged child victim's testimony was presented, or both forms of evidence were presented. When DNA evidence was presented, there were more guilty verdicts and greater belief of the alleged victim than when only the alleged victim testified. In Experiment 2, DNA evidence was countered by an alibi witness testifying as to the defendant's whereabouts at the time of the alleged assault. The alibi witness reduced the influence of DNA evidence compared with when DNA evidence was presented without this witness. These results are discussed in terms of the comparative strengths of DNA evidence versus the testimony of the alleged victim.

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References

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2016When self-report trumps science: Effects of confessions, DNA, and prosecutorial theories on perceptions of guilt.2002The Effects of DNA Evidence on Sexual Offence Cases in Court 2007The Impact of Mock Jury Gender Composition on Deliberations and Conviction Rates in a Child Sexual Assault Trial 2014The Influence of Medical and Behavioral Evidence on Conviction Rates in Cases of Child Sexual Abuse 2011Gender differences in jurors’ perceptions of infanticide involving disabled and non-disabled infant victims

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