Article2013

A Method for Estimating Sex Using the Clavicle, Humerus, Radius, and Ulna

92 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Forensic Sciences

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Forensic and Genetic Research Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies

Abstract

Sex estimation from skeletal remains can be an important part of preliminary identification. The best source of information for estimating sex is the pelvis but it is not always available for analysis. For these cases, a probabilistic sex estimation method is presented using combinations of standard and alternative measurements of the clavicle, humerus, radius, and ulna. Various equations are developed that are not population specific and that are applicable in various recovery scenarios. The equations were tested using four independent samples (n > 370), including a forensic sample. Allocation accuracies vary by test sample and equation and are consistently good (87.4-97.5%) except for a sample of very small males that show the extreme effects of poverty and mortality bias. For many of the cases where allocation was incorrect, the probabilistic approach indicated that no confidence should be placed in the incorrect allocation and the unknown should be classified as sex indeterminate.

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References

2008Sexing skulls using discriminant function analysis of visually assessed traits 2011Sex Estimation in Forensic Anthropology: Skull Versus Postcranial Elements 2004History and demographic composition of the Robert J. Terry anatomical collection 2005Brief communication: The collection of identified human skeletons housed at the Bocage Museum (National Museum of Natural History), Lisbon, Portugal 1994Accuracy of Sex Determination Using Morphological Traits of the Human Pelvis 2003A Metric Method for Sex Determination Using the Hipbone and the Femur 1999A Visual Method of Determining the Sex of Skeletal Remains Using the Distal Humerus 2008Manufactured populations: What do contemporary reference skeletal collections represent? A comparative study using the Maxwell Museum documented collection

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