Income Inequality, Household Income, and Health Status in Canada: A Prospective Cohort Study

Chris McLeod · John N. Lavis · Cameron Mustard · Greg L. Stoddart

109 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Public Health

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Health disparities and outcomes Income, Poverty, and Inequality Public Health and Social Inequalities

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether income inequality, household income, and their interaction are associated with health status. METHODS: Income inequality and area income measures were linked to data on household income and individual characteristics from the 1994 Canadian National Population Health Survey and to data on self-reported health status from the 1994, 1996, and 1998 survey waves. RESULTS: Income inequality was not associated with health status. Low household income was consistently associated with poor health. The combination of low household income and residence in a metropolitan area with less income inequality was associated with poorer health status than was residence in an area with more income inequality. CONCLUSIONS: Household income, but not income inequality, appears to explain some of the differences in health status among Canadians.

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References

1999Healthy Bodies and Thick Wallets: The Dual Relation Between Health and Economic Status 2000Income inequality and mortality: importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment, or material conditions 1996Inequality in income and mortality in the United States: analysis of mortality and potential pathways 1992Income distribution and life expectancy.1996Multiattribute Utility Function for a Comprehensive Health Status Classification System 2002Income inequality and population health 1998Income distribution, socioeconomic status, and self rated health in the United States: multilevel analysis 1996Income distribution and mortality: cross sectional ecological study of the Robin Hood index in the United States

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