Access to Primary Health Care: Does Neighborhood of Residence Matter?

Scott Bell · Kathi Wilson · Laura Bissonnette · Tayyab Ikram Shah

130 citations0/0 files storedAnnals of the Association of American Geographers

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Health disparities and outcomes Public Health and Social Inequalities

Abstract

Neighborhood social and physical contexts have the ability to impact health and health behaviors of residents. One neighborhood characteristic that remains underexamined in the research is access to health care resources. This research examines potential (geographical) access to primary health care in the city of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. A modification of the two-step floating catchment area method that better suits the study of locally relevant natural neighborhood units is presented. Potential access to health care is measured in each of Mississauga's neighborhoods considering several spatial and aspatial (i.e., social) characteristics of the population and of physicians, including the raw abundance of physicians, languages spoken by physicians and patients, and whether physicians are accepting new patients. Neighborhood-level results are compared to census tracts. The results of this analysis reveal that potential access significantly differs between neighborhoods for all spatial and aspatial dimensions of access. Accessibility is considerably reduced for linguistic minorities and for those who might not have a dedicated family physician as compared to the general population. This research contributes to the existing body of literature on neighborhoods and health by demonstrating the utility of an alternative methodology for developing a more comprehensive understanding of access to health care within natural geographical neighborhoods.

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References

2001Multilevel analyses of neighbourhood socioeconomic context and health outcomes: a critical review: Table 1 2002Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalise and measure them?2017Modifiable Areal Unit Problem 1999Social capital and self-rated health: a contextual analysis.2001Investigating Neighborhood and Area Effects on Health 2003Measures of Spatial Accessibility to Health Care in a GIS Environment: Synthesis and a Case Study in the Chicago Region 2000Social Integration, Social Networks, Social Support, and Health 2003Neighborhoods and Health

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