Influenza Vaccinations of Young Children Increased With Media Coverage in 2003

Kexu Ma · William Schaffner · J. Howser · Joyce L Jones · Katherine A. Poehling

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Influenza Virus Research Studies Media Influence and Health

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the impact of intense influenza media coverage during the 2003-2004 influenza season on the influenza vaccination status of children 6 to 59 months of age. METHODS: Children 6 to 59 months of age who presented to a large, academic pediatric continuity clinic or affiliated acute care clinic in the summer of 2004 were enrolled. A parental survey ascertained the influenza vaccination status of the child and family members during the 2003-2004 influenza season and factors that influenced their vaccination status. For children vaccinated in the clinic or health department, influenza vaccination dates were confirmed in a computerized medical chart or state immunization registry. RESULTS: Of 256 enrolled children, 98 (38%) parents reported that their child had received the 2003-2004 influenza vaccine, and 64 (65%) had confirmed influenza vaccination dates. Unlike the previous influenza season in which confirmed influenza vaccination dates from a similar study population were distributed more evenly from October through December, most children (75%) with confirmed vaccination dates received the vaccine after the media coverage in mid-November. Influenza vaccinations per week increased dramatically after the media coverage began (2.4 vs 8.6 per week; t test: P < .001). In late November and December 2003, the influenza-related media coverage, which focused primarily on an early, severe influenza season, increased dramatically and explained 85% of the variation in influenza vaccinations. Multivariate analysis showed that recalling a physician recommendation (odds ratio [OR]: 6.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3-19.7), having a family member who had received the influenza vaccine (OR: 9.5; 95% CI: 4.3-21.3), having a continuity clinic visit between October and January (OR: 4.5; 95% CI: 2.0-10.1), and having a high-risk medical condition (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.1-7.8) strongly predicted the influenza vaccination status in the children. CONCLUSION: Media coverage in conjunction with explicit physician recommendation for children and their contacts are key factors that are associated with influenza vaccination rates in children.

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References

1999Validation of self-report of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination status in elderly outpatients 2001Predictors of Influenza Virus Vaccination Status in Hospitalized Children 2005Implementation of Universal Influenza Immunization Recommendations for Healthy Young Children: Results of a Randomized, Controlled Trial With Registry-Based Recall

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