Cognitive control of attention is differentially affected in trauma-exposed individuals with and without post-traumatic stress disorder

Karina S. Blair · Meena Vythilingam · Samantha L. Crowe · Daniel McCaffrey · Pamela Ng · Chia-Chien Wu +5 more

102 citations0/0 files storedPsychological Medicine

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine whether patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show difficulty in recruitment of the regions of the frontal and parietal cortex implicated in top-down attentional control in the presence and absence of emotional distracters. METHOD: Unmedicated individuals with PTSD (n = 14), and age-, IQ- and gender-matched individuals exposed to trauma (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 19) were tested on the affective number Stroop task. In addition, blood oxygen level-dependent responses, as measured via functional magnetic resonance imaging, were recorded. RESULTS: Patients with PTSD showed disrupted recruitment of lateral regions of the superior and inferior frontal cortex as well as the parietal cortex in the presence of negative distracters. Trauma-comparison individuals showed indications of a heightened ability to recruit fronto-parietal regions implicated in top-down attentional control across distracter conditions. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with suggestions that emotional responsiveness can interfere with the recruitment of regions implicated in top-down attentional control; the heightened emotional responding of patients with PTSD may lead to the heightened interference in the recruitment of these regions.

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References

1995The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale 2007Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: A meta-analytic study.1997Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders : SCID-I : clinical version : scoresheet 1996The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology.2009The Neurocircuitry of Fear, Stress, and Anxiety Disorders 2006Neurocircuitry Models of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Extinction: Human Neuroimaging Research—Past, Present, and Future 1990A clinician rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD. The CAPS-1 2000Exaggerated amygdala response to masked facial stimuli in posttraumatic stress disorder: a functional MRI study

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2018Neuroimaging Correlates of Resilience to Traumatic Events—A Comprehensive Review 2014PTSD symptom severity is associated with increased recruitment of top-down attentional control in a trauma-exposed sample 2012Heightened attentional capture by threat in veterans with PTSD.2017Sex Differences in Trauma-Related Psychopathology: a Critical Review of Neuroimaging Literature (2014–2017)

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