This paper investigates the association between the level of fertility and the organization of homeownership in Western countries. It distinguishes four homeownership regimes, based on the share of owner-occupied housing and access to mortgages. It is argued that one homeownership regime is particularly associated with problematic housing-market entry and, therefore, unfriendly to family formation: the ‘difficult’ regime, which combines a high share of owner-occupation and low access to mortgages. It is found that countries with this particular homeownership regime have the lowest levels of fertility.
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