Article1966

Ossification sequence polymorphism and sexual dimorphism in skeletal development

Stanley Marion Garn · Christabel G. Rohmann

62 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Morphological variations and asymmetry Congenital limb and hand anomalies

Abstract

Abstract Ossification sequence polymorphism and sexual dimorphism are prevalent in the postnatal skeletal development of the hand, foot, elbow, knee, shoulder and pelvis. For some ossification polymorphisms the sex‐discriminatory efficiency is greater than 70%. Current evidence, including population comparisons, and children with kwashiorkor and marasmus, favors a genetical explanation for common sequence polymorphisms. However, ossification sequence polymorphism is more clearly defined in later‐developing children, where the appearance of ossification centers is distributed among a larger number of radiographic class intervals. This observation may explain the apparent relationship between ossification sequence polymophism and developmental delay or retardation.

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References

1960Variability in the order of ossification of the bony centers of the hand and wrist

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2013Evaluating the agreement of skeletal age assessment based on hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae radiography 1976Epiphysial Changes in the Hand/Wrist Area as Indicators of Adolescent Stage 1978Sexual dimorphism in the growth of the cranium 2004TW3 bone age: RUS/CB and gender differences of percentiles for score and score increments 1991Approach to Skeletal Maturation 1980The Measurement of Skeletal Maturation 1980Ossification in the hand and foot of the pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina). II. Order of appearance of centers and variability in sequence 2020The epiphyseal secondary ossification center: Evolution, development and function

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