Notes on the Imperial Persian Coinage

Abstract

The rulers of the Persian Empire, during whose reigns the Persian Imperial coinage was issued, were the following:— Dareios I., s. of Hystaspes ... ... ... ... 521-486 Xerxes I., s. of Dareios I. ... ... ... ... 486-465 Artaxerxes I. Makrocheir, s. of Xerxes I. ... ... 465-425 Xerxes II., s. of Artaxerxes I. ... ... ... ... 425 Ochos = Dareios II. Nothos, s. of Artaxerxes I. ... 424-405 Arsakas = Artaxerxes II. Mnemon, s. of Dareios II. ... 405-359 Cyrus the Younger, s. of Dareios II. ... ... ... 401 Ochos = Artaxerxes III., s. of Artaxerxes II. ... ... 359-338 Arses, s. of Artaxerxes III. ... ... ... ... 338-337 Kodomannos = Dareios III., s. of Arsanes, s. of Artostes or Ostahes, s. of Dareios II. ... ... ... ... 337-330 The Persian Imperial coinage consisted of gold coins, generally known to the Greeks as Darics (Δαρϵικοὶ στατῆρϵς), with smaller denominations, and silver coins, generally known as sigloi (σίγλοι, σίκλοι, σίκλα, the same word as Hebrew shekel), which also had smaller denominations. The word Δαρϵικός was sometimes also used by the Greeks of the silver coins. The Persian name for the gold coins is not known; there can be little doubt that the word Δαρϵικός is ‘a pure Greek formation from the Greek form of the Persian name Darayavaush; just as “fanciful” is a pure English formation from the English form “fancy” of the Greek ϕαντασία.’

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