Evidence of Choking Under Pressure on the PGA Tour

Brett M. Wells · John J. Skowronski

32 citations0/0 files storedBasic and Applied Social Psychology

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Sport Psychology and Performance Sports Analytics and Performance Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics

Abstract

The authors examined whether there was evidence of choking under pressure (CUP) among professional golfers on the 2009 PGA Tour. Following the suggestion of Beilock and Gray (2007 Beilock , S. L. , & Gray , R. ( 2007 ). Why do athletes “choke” under pressure? In G. Tenebaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology , 3rd ed. , (pp. 425 – 444 ). Hoboken , NJ : Wiley .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]), choking was determined via within-golfer comparisons. Analyses yielded strong evidence of CUP in that evidence of performance decline was greatest when pressure was greatest. That is, across a span of 28 years, 4th-round tournament scores were significantly worse than 3rd-round tournament scores. Moreover, the magnitude of the choking effect was related to a player's position on the leaderboard: The closer a player was to a tournament lead, the larger his choking score. Finally, the nature of the analyses conducted makes it unlikely that the obtained effects can be solely attributed to statistical phenomena such as regression to the mean.

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References

1984Choking under pressure: Self-consciousness and paradoxical effects of incentives on skillful performance.1985The hot hand in basketball: On the misperception of random sequences 2001On the fragility of skilled performance: What governs choking under pressure?1992Knowledge, knerves and know‐how: The role of explicit versus implicit knowledge in the breakdown of a complex motor skill under pressure 2002When paying attention becomes counterproductive: Impact of divided versus skill-focused attention on novice and experienced performance of sensorimotor skills.2004Attending to the Execution of a Complex Sensorimotor Skill: Expertise Differences, Choking, and Slumps.2004Haste does not always make waste: Expertise, direction of attention, and speed versus accuracy in performing sensorimotor skills 1997Thinking about Choking? Attentional Processes and Paradoxical Performance

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