Article1976

Hopelessness, internal-external locus of control, and depression

Terry J. Prociuk · Lawrence J. Breen · Richard J. Lussier

81 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Clinical Psychology

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Optimism, Hope, and Well-being Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Psychological Treatments and Assessments

Abstract

This research examined the relationship between hopelessness, defined as a system of negative expectancies about the future, and two theoretically relevant constructs: internal-external locus of control, and depression. Two samples of 67 and 44 undergraduates were administered the Beck, et al. Hopelessness Scale, the Rotter Internal-External Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The data of both samples supported the predictions that hopelessness would be positively related to external locus of control and to depression.

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References

1966Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.1955Construct validity in psychological tests.1974The measurement of pessimism: The Hopelessness Scale.1976Locus of control in personality 1975Generality of learned helplessness in man.1974Locus of control and learned helplessness.1975The Psychology of Depression: Contemporary Theory and Research 1975Depression and learned helplessness in man.

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1988Is there a relation between locus of control orientation and depression?1989The Effects of Women's Employment: Personal Control and Sex Differences in Mental Health 1986Applications of the Beck Depression Inventory 2005Testing a Model of Suicide Ideation in College Students 1977Contemporary theories of depression: Critique and comparison.1982Perceived Peer and Family Relationships, Hopelessness and Locus of Control as Factors in Adolescent Suicide Attempts

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