The Chinese Cultural Reform Movement in Singapore: Singaporean Chinese Identities and Reconstructions of Gender

Abstract

From about 1895 to 1910, prominent leaders of the Straits Chinese community in Singapore implemented a cultural reform movement, with the aim of reconstructing the meaning of Straits Chinese ethnic identity. The movement attempted to revive and re-invent aspects of Chinese tradition, while at the same time making an accommodation with pressures for modernization. This paper focuses on the gender policies and prescriptions formulated by reformist leaders, whose recommendations had important implications for the lives of Chinese women in Singapore. It is shown that the reformation of Straits Chinese women was an integral and essential component of the cultural reform programme.

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