Differential Item Functioning Resulting From The Use of Different Solution Strategies

Abstract

The present study investigates the degree to which item “bias” techniques can lead to interpretable results when groups are defined in terms of specified differences in the cognitive processes involved in students' problem‐solving strategies. A large group of junior high school students who took a test on subtraction of fractions was divided into two subgroups judged by the rule‐space model to be using different problem‐solving strategies. It was confirmed by use of Mantel‐Haenszel (MH) statistics that these subgroups showed different performances on items with different underlying cognitive tasks. We note that, in our case, we are far from faulting items that show differential item functioning (D1F) between two groups defined in terms of different solution strategies. Indeed, they are “desirable” items, as explained in the discussion section

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