WHEN DELIBERATION PRODUCES EXTREMISM

David A Schkade · Cass Robert Sunstein · Reid Hastie

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Political Theory and Democracy Social and Intergroup Psychology Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence

Abstract

What are the effects of deliberation about political issues by likeminded people? An experimental investigation involving two deliberative exercises, one among self-identified liberals and another among self-identified conservatives, showed that participants' views became more extreme after deliberation. Deliberation also increased consensus and significantly reduced diversity of opinion within the two groups. Even anonymous statements of personal opinion became more extreme and homogeneous after deliberation.

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References

1954A Theory of Social Comparison Processes 1987Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self‐Categorization Theory 1998Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises 1989Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory.1993Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion 2006Hearing the Other Side 2006Hearing the other side: deliberative versus participatory democracy 2003Party Over Policy: The Dominating Impact of Group Influence on Political Beliefs.

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