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Reference values for generic instruments used in routine outcome monitoring: the leiden routine outcome monitoring study

Yvonne W.M. Schulte-van Maaren · Ingrid V. E. Carlier · Frans G. Zitman · Albert M. van Hemert · Margot W. M. de Waal · Martijn S. van Noorden +1 more

45 citations0/0 files storedBMC Psychiatry

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Mental Health Treatment and Access Mental Health Research Topics

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Mood & Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire -30 (MASQ-D30), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36), and Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Short Form (DAPP-SF) are generic instruments that can be used in Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) of patients with common mental disorders. We aimed to generate reference values usually encountered in 'healthy' and 'psychiatrically ill' populations to facilitate correct interpretation of ROM results. METHODS: We included the following specific reference populations: 1294 subjects from the general population (ROM reference group) recruited through general practitioners, and 5269 psychiatric outpatients diagnosed with mood, anxiety, or somatoform (MAS) disorders (ROM patient group). The outermost 5% of observations were used to define limits for one-sided reference intervals (95th percentiles for BSI, MASQ-D30 and DAPP-SF, and 5th percentiles for SF-36 subscales). Internal consistency and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses were performed. RESULTS: Mean age for the ROM reference group was 40.3 years (SD=12.6) and 37.7 years (SD=12.0) for the ROM patient group. The proportion of females was 62.8% and 64.6%, respectively. The mean for cut-off values of healthy individuals was 0.82 for the BSI subscales, 23 for the three MASQ-D30 subscales, 45 for the SF-36 subscales, and 3.1 for the DAPP-SF subscales. Discriminative power of the BSI, MASQ-D30 and SF-36 was good, but it was poor for the DAPP-SF. For all instruments, the internal consistency of the subscales ranged from adequate to excellent. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Reference values for the clinical interpretation were provided for the BSI, MASQ-D30, SF-36, and DAPP-SF. Clinical information aided by ROM data may represent the best means to appraise the clinical state of psychiatric outpatients.

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1998The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10 2003SF-36 health survey: Manual and interpretation guide 1998The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10.1983The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report 1998The mini international neuropsychiatric interview 1991Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications.1998Overview of the SF-36 Health Survey and the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project 1998Translation, Validation, and Norming of the Dutch Language Version of the SF-36 Health Survey in Community and Chronic Disease Populations

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