A Fresh Look at Semipresidentialism: Variations on a Theme

Robert Elgie

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Political Conflict and Governance Public Administration and Governance Political Theory and Democracy

Abstract

Abstract: This paper provides a definition of semipresidentialism and identifies the set of semipresidential countries in the world. It aims to isolate the independent impact of semipresidentialism on democratic performance. The conclusion is that countries should avoid highly presidentialised semipresidential systems, whereas semipresidential systems with ceremonial presidents and strong prime ministers have performed well. In semipresidential systems where both the president and the prime minister have significant powers, the situation is more complex. Many such countries have democratized successfully, but only despite the institutional crises caused by this particular form of semipresidentialism. So, a balanced form of semipresidentialism is a risky choice for newly-democratizing regimes.

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References

1990The Perils of Presidentialism 1993Presidents and assemblies: constitutional design and electoral dynamics 1980A New Political System Model: Semi-Presidential Government 1993Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation: Parliamentarianism versus Presidentialism 2004Constitutional Design for Divided Societies 1994Presidential or parliamentary democracy: Does it make a difference?1997Arturo Valenzuela and Juan Linz (eds.) The Failure of Presidential Democracy. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. 436 pp.1999Semi-Presidentialism in Europe

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