Women non‐traditional entrepreneurs and social capital

Natalie Sappleton

55 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship

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Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Social Capital and Networks Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the relationship between “entrepreneurial segregation” – self‐employment in a gender typical or atypical sector – and social capital. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on analysis of data from the 2006 wave of the European Social Survey (ESS). A sample of 2,214 male and female business owners is extracted from the dataset. The sample comprises four sub‐samples – females in female‐dominated industries (n=283); females in male‐dominated industries (337); males in male‐dominated industries (n=1,476) and males in female‐dominated industries (n=118). Regression analysis is used to determine the impact of business owners' gender and the sector of their firm upon their levels of social capital. Findings Women who operate firms in traditionally female sectors are found to have the highest levels of social capital. In stark contrast, those individuals – men and women – working in traditionally male sectors exhibit lower levels of social capital, measured in terms of trust, community engagement and social networks. Furthermore, self‐employment in a gender traditional or non‐traditional sector is found to be a significant predictor of social capital. Originality/value This paper adds to the literature on female entrepreneurship in general but also contributes to the embryonic body of work that is concerned with segregation in self‐employment. To date, very little research has been conducted on women in atypical enterprises, or on the nature of their activities. This paper is a preliminary step towards filling this academic gap. No prior study has assessed the social capital men and women entrepreneurs operating traditional and non‐traditional enterprises.

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References

1973The Strength of Weak Ties 2000Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community 1988Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital 2000Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital 2000Bowling alone 2002The Forms of Capital 1992Structural Holes 1997Individual-Level Evidence for the Causes and Consequences of Social Capital

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