Tic disorders and the premonitory urge

Tamar Steinberg · Sharona Shmuel-Baruch · Adva Harush · Doug Woods · John C. Piacentini · Alan Apter

105 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Neural Transmission

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Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research Stuttering Research and Treatment

Abstract

The aims of this study were to examine a non-English (Hebrew) version of a scale that measures the premonitory urge in children suffering from tic disorder, as well as examine the correlations of the urge with demographic and clinical aspects of Tourette Syndrome. Forty children and adolescents, suffering from tics participated in this study. They were assessed with the Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS); the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS); the Childhood Version of the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CYBOCS); the ADHD Rating Scale IV (Conners) Scale; the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED); and the Child Depression Inventory (CDI). The mean PUTS score was 20.15 (SD = 5.89). For the entire sample the PUTS was found to be internally consistent at a = 0.79. Youths older than 10 years had higher consistency (a = 0.83) than youths younger than 10 (a = 0.69). Premonitory urge was not correlated with tic severity in the entire sample. In youths older than 10, as opposed to youths younger than 10, premonitory urge did correlate with obsessions, compulsions and depression, but not with anxiety or with ADHD. The premonitory urge can be measured reliably and the PUTS is a useful instrument for measuring this important phenomena. Premonitory urges seems to be related to obsessions, compulsions, and depression in older children and this may have implications for the developmental psychopatholgy of these symptoms.

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References

1989The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale 1997The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): Scale Construction and Psychometric Characteristics 1989The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: Initial Testing of a Clinician-Rated Scale of Tic Severity 1981Rating scales to assess depression in school-aged children.1977Obsessional-compulsive complaints 1983Reliability and validity of the revised fear survey schedule for children (FSSC-R)2000Handbook of Psychiatric Measures 1993Premonitory urges in Tourette's syndrome

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2013Sensory phenomena: Clinical correlates and impact on quality of life in adult patients with Tourette syndrome 2016Tics and Tourette's: update on pathophysiology and tic control 2014Sensory Phenomena in Tourette Syndrome: Their Role in Symptom Formation and Treatment 2012Predictors during childhood of future health-related quality of life in adults with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome 2017Premonitory urges and tics in Tourette syndrome: computational mechanisms and neural correlates

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