Articlegreen2012

Predictors of suicide attempts in patients with borderline personality disorder over 16 years of prospective follow-up

Michelle M. Wedig · Merav H. Silverman · Frances Rachel Frankenburg · Donald Bradford Reich · Garrett M. Fitzmaurice · Mary C. Zanarini

136 citations0/0 files storedPsychological Medicine

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Personality Disorders and Psychopathology Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Bipolar Disorder and Treatment

Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is clinically important to understand the factors that increase the likelihood of the frequent and recurrent suicide attempts seen in those with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Although several studies have examined this subject in a cross-sectional manner, the aim of this study was to determine the most clinically relevant baseline and time-varying predictors of suicide attempts over 16 years of prospective follow-up among patients with BPD. METHOD: Two-hundred and ninety in-patients meeting Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) and DSM-III-R criteria for BPD were assessed during their index admission using a series of semistructured interviews and self-report measures. These subjects were then reassessed using the same instruments every 2 years. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach was used to model the odds of suicide attempts in longitudinal analyses, controlling for assessment period, yielding an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each predictor. RESULTS: Nineteen variables were found to be significant bivariate predictors of suicide attempts. Eight of these, seven of which were time-varying, remained significant in multivariate analyses: diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD), substance use disorder (SUD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), presence of self-harm, adult sexual assault, having a caretaker who has completed suicide, affective instability, and more severe dissociation. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that prediction of suicide attempts among borderline patients is complex, involving co-occurring disorders, co-occurring symptoms of BPD (self-harm, affective reactivity and dissociation), adult adversity, and a family history of completed suicide.

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References

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2016A Multilevel Perspective on the Development of Borderline Personality Disorder 2014Comorbidity between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Review 2015Personality disorder risk factors for suicide attempts over 10 years of follow-up.2015The Clinical Significance of Single Features of Borderline Personality Disorder: Anger, Affective Instability, Impulsivity, and Chronic Emptiness in Psychiatric Outpatients

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