Article2003

Anxiety Symptoms in Allergic Patients: Identification and Risk Factors

57 citations0/0 files storedPsychosomatic Medicine

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Asthma and respiratory diseases Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Multiple relationships between anxiety, allergic symptoms, and treatment difficulties have been observed. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders in outpatients with various allergic diseases, to identify diagnostic cues or possible risk factors, and to test the usefulness of self-administered questionnaire screening at the allergy clinic. METHODS: Six hundred forty-six (646) consecutive patients with rhinoconjunctivitis (59.3%), asthma (26.8%), or "other" allergy (13.9%), aged 16 to 65 years, completed self-administered questionnaires in six outpatient allergy clinics; 60 of the respondents also participated in structured psychiatric interviews. Anxiety was measured with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety. RESULTS: According to the interviews, STAI-T > 52 predicted with 86% accuracy a current psychiatric diagnosis, without differentiating between anxiety and depression. Using this threshold, the rate of anxiety and/or depressive disorders is estimated as 19% (95% CI: 15.9-22.1) in our unselected allergic outpatient sample; 46% of these patients never received any psychopharmacological treatment, indicating that anxiety related disorders are underdiagnosed and undertreated. Risk indicators were female gender; asthma; perennial symptoms; sleep problems; nonspecific allergy triggers like strong emotions; stressful situations; and considerable limitation in everyday activities attributed to the allergic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm a high rate of anxiety and/or depressive disorders in patients visiting the allergy clinic. Self-administered questionnaires such as STAI-T provide reliable help for the identification of these frequent psychiatric problems.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1970Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 1989The Practice of Social Research 1997The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability 1996Comorbidity of DSM–III–R Major Depressive Disorder in the General Population: Results from the US National Comorbidity Survey 1997Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD): some psychometric data for a Swedish sample 1998The State--Trait Anxiety Inventory, Trait version: structure and content re-examined 1996Depression Comorbid with Anxiety: Results from the WHO Study on Psychological Disorders in Primary Health Care

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