Favela Upgrade in Brazil: A Reverse of Participatory Processes

Fernando Luiz Lara

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Latin American Urban Studies Urban Planning and Governance Urban and Rural Development Challenges

Abstract

This paper looks at three different Brazilian cities: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Belo Horizonte to understand the different models of favela upgrade, the opportunities and the challenges that each model entails. The recent ‘left-turn’ on Latin American politics created several opportunities for architects to help improve the informal sector that comprises a significant portion of every major city in the continent. In Brazil, the Lula government invested billions in the infrastructure upgrade of the infamous favelas. This paper will argue that the two traditional contractual models, the construction bidding (by metrics and values) and the commission by ‘reputation’ (opaque political process of choice), are not sufficient. A third model based on popular participation was tested in the early 2000s but it was gradually marginalized as the country speeded up investment in preparation for the FIFA World Cup in 2014 and the Summer Olympics in 2016.

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References

2006Planet of Slums 2009Participatory Institutions in Democratic Brazil 2010The Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil, 1989–2009 2007Constructing the `Right To the City' in Brazil 2010Participatory institutions in democratic Brazil 2002Testing the Empowerment Thesis: The Participatory Budget in Belo Horizonte and Betim, Brazil 2011Democracy on the Edge: Limits and Possibilities in the Implementation of an Urban Reform Agenda in Brazil 2006Alternative Routes to the Sustainable City: Austin, Curitiba, and Frankfurt

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2022Community self-governance in São Paulo’s informal settlements through the PAA framework 2020Security, Resilience and Participatory Urban Upgrading in Latin America and the Caribbean

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