Article2005

Effects of Age on Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in a Sample of Retired Police Officers.

Alan P. Tuohy · Christina Knussen · Michael J. Wrennall

31 citations0/0 files storedPsychology and Aging

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Retirement, Disability, and Employment Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Health and Well-being Studies

Abstract

This study addressed the effects of age on anxiety and depressive symptoms. The analysis was based on the responses of 1,334 retired male Scottish police officers (34-94 years old) to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the partialed linear and curvilinear effects of symptoms of, separately, anxiety and depression on age and retirement variables. Significant partialed effects of retirement type and present age were found. Early retirement was a vulnerability factor for both disorders. The authors found a consistent linear reduction in anxiety across age and a U-shaped function for depression across age. The differing profiles and independent effects of age on anxiety and depression are consistent with their status as separate entities. Respondents were increasingly susceptible to depression from the mid-50s onward, whereas susceptibility to anxiety was reduced with age.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1983The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 2002The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 1988Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed. rev.) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed. rev.) American Psychiatric Association (1987). American Psychiatric Press, Inc., 1400 K Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. 567 pp., $39.95 hardcover; $29.95 softcover.1996GPOWER: A general power analysis program 1997International experiences with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-A review of validation data and clinical results 1993Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey I: Lifetime prevalence, chronicity and recurrence 1988One-Month Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the United States

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