Firearms Legislation and Reductions in Firearm-Related Suicide Deaths in New Zealand

Annette L. Beautrais · David M. Fergusson · L. John Horwood

105 citations0/0 files storedAustralian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

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Gun Ownership and Violence Research Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of introducing more restrictive firearms legislation (Amendment to the Arms Act, 1992) in New Zealand on suicides involving firearms. METHOD: National suicide data were examined for 8 years before, and 10 years following the introduction of the legislation. RESULTS: After legislation, the mean annual rate of firearm-related suicides decreased by 46% for the total population (p < 0.0001), 66% for youth (15-24 years; p < 0.0001) and 39% for adults (> or = 25 years; p < 0.01). The fraction of all suicides accounted for by firearm-related suicides also reduced for all three populations (p < 0.0001). However, the introduction of firearms legislation was not associated with reductions in overall rates of suicide for all three populations. CONCLUSIONS: Following the introduction of legislation restricting ownership and access to firearms, firearm-related suicides significantly decreased, particularly among youth. Overall rates of youth suicide also decreased over this time but it is not possible to determine the extent to which this was accounted for by changes in firearms legislation or other causes.

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References

1999Age- and Sex-Related Risk Factors for Adolescent Suicide 2005Gun Storage Practices and Risk of Youth Suicide and Unintentional Firearm Injuries 2001National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action 1991Effects of Restrictive Licensing of Handguns on Homicide and Suicide in the District of Columbia 2003National Strategy for Suicide Prevention: Goals and Objectives for Action 2002Familial Pathways to Early-Onset Suicide Attempt 1994Personality Disorder, Personality Traits, Impulsive Violence, and Completed Suicide in Adolescents 1990Firearm Regulations and Rates of Suicide

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2018What Works in Youth Suicide Prevention? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2013Change in Suicide Rates in Switzerland Before and After Firearm Restriction Resulting From the 2003 “Army XXI” Reform 2008Gender issues in suicide rates, trends and methods among youths aged 15–24 in 15 European countries 2011A practical, evidence-based approach for means-restriction counseling with suicidal patients.2012Suicide, Guns, and Public Policy

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