Article2015

The Paleoamerican Occupation of the Plains of Uruguay: Technology, Adaptations, and Mobility

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Archaeology and ancient environmental studies Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory

Abstract

This paper presents results of investigation of an early archaeological site in Uruguay, and considers its position on a regional scale. Pay Paso 1 is the first early site of Uruguay to yield both artifacts and faunal remains including records of Pleistocene fauna (Equus sp. and Glyptodon sp.) in a radiocarbon-dated stratigraphic context. From stratigraphic, chronological and archaeological observations, three cultural components for the Pleistocene-Holocene transition have been identified, together representing one of the most intensively AMS dated sites in South America. This solid chronological base allows the positioning of the peopling of Uruguay in the context of the early settlement of the surrounding region including northeastern Argentina and southern Brazil. The site is also remarkable because it yielded evidence of a blade technology at 12,802 cal yr BP, with numerous blades and a depleted blade core, which, together with the records from Laguna Canosa and K87 (Arroyo del Tigre), permit the definition of the Tigre and Pay Paso Paleoamerican cultural complexes. Tigre and Pay Paso bifacial points were produced in post-Fishtail times in the Low Plains, a vast open territory in Uruguay and southern Brazil.

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References

1993The temporality of the landscape 1979Organization and Formation Processes: Looking at Curated Technologies 1990Archaeological method and theory 2008The Late Pleistocene Dispersal of Modern Humans in the Americas 1978Dimensional Analysis of Behavior and Site Structure: Learning from an Eskimo Hunting Stand 2001The Archaeology of Aquatic Adaptations: Paradigms for a New Millennium 2007Redefining the Age of Clovis: Implications for the Peopling of the Americas 1986Technological Organization and Settlement Mobility: An Ethnographic Examination

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2016The human colonization of the Southeast Plains of South America: Climatic conditions, technological innovations and the peopling of Uruguay and south of Brazil 2016High-altitude adaptation and late Pleistocene foraging in the Bolivian Andes 2017Living on the river edge: The Tigre site (K-87) new data and implications for the initial colonization of the Uruguay River basin 2017Fishtail points from the Pampas of South America: Their variability and life histories 2015New records of fishtail projectile points from Brazil and its implications for its peopling

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