Inequities in Educational and Psychological Outcomes Between LGBTQ and Straight Students in Middle and High School

Joseph Paul Robinson · Dorothy L. Espelage

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LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression Gender, Sexuality, and Education

Abstract

This study finds that, compared with straight-identified youth, youth who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (LGBTQ) are at greater risk of suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, victimization by peers, and elevated levels of unexcused absences from school. Results disaggregated by LGBTQ subgroups reveal heterogeneity within the broad LGBTQ group, with bisexual youth appearing to be particularly at risk. Also, although the risk gaps in school belongingness and unexcused absences are significant in high school, we find that these gaps are significantly greater in middle school, suggesting heightened early risk for LGBTQ-identified students. By raising awareness of educational inequities related to LGBTQ identification, this study lays the descriptive groundwork for interventions aimed at improving psychological and educational outcomes for these students.

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References

2008A systematic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self harm in lesbian, gay and bisexual people 1998Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Drug Use, and Violence: Increased Reporting with Computer Survey Technology 2010The 2009 National School Climate Survey: The Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Youth in Our Nation's Schools.2005The New Gay Teenager 2009LGB and Questioning Students in Schools: The Moderating Effects of Homophobic Bullying and School Climate on Negative Outcomes 2002Effects of at-school victimization and sexual orientation on lesbian, gay, or bisexual youths’ health risk behavior 1998The Association Between Health Risk Behaviors and Sexual Orientation Among a School-based Sample of Adolescents 2001HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: implications for public health intervention

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2015A relational framework for understanding bullying: Developmental antecedents and outcomes.2014Inaccurate Estimation of Disparities Due to Mischievous Responders 2019Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among LGBTQ Youth: Meta-Analyses and a Systematic Review 2017LGBTI in OECD Countries

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