Article2012

Race and Ethnic Differences in Hope and Hopelessness as Moderators of the Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Behavior

Jameson K. Hirsch · Preston L. Visser · Edward C. Chang · Elizabeth L. Jeglic

126 citations0/0 files storedJournal of American College Health

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Optimism, Hope, and Well-being

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined trait hope and hopelessness as potential moderators of the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. PARTICIPANTS: A diverse sample of 372 college students. METHODS: Depressive symptoms, hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), trait hope (Trait Hope Scale), and suicidal behaviors were assessed. Trait hope is defined as confidence in the ability to identify and attain goals, whereas hopelessness encompasses future attitudes and motivation loss. RESULTS: In independent models, low hopelessness buffered the association between depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior for our whole sample, blacks, and whites, whereas trait hope buffered for Hispanics and whites. Examined simultaneously, hope remained a significant moderator only in whites and hopelessness only in blacks. These findings suggest that etiological and outcome correlates of hope and hopelessness may differ by ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may have implications for development of culturally targeted interventions for college students that strive to simultaneously reduce hopelessness and bolster hopefulness.

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References

1974The measurement of pessimism: The Hopelessness Scale.1991The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope.1996Development and validation of the State Hope Scale.1991The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope.2001The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R):Validation with Clinical and Nonclinical Samples 2003Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role?2005Trends in Suicide Ideation, Plans, Gestures, and Attempts in the United States, 1990-1992 to 2001-2003 2005Cognitive Therapy for the Prevention of Suicide Attempts

Cited by

2019Identifying suicide risk among college students: A systematic review 2011Forgiveness, depression, and suicidal behavior among a diverse sample of college students 2014How Gay–Straight Alliance Groups Mitigate the Relationship Between Gay-Bias Victimization and Adolescent Suicide Attempts 2022The Role of Perceived Social Support and Stress in the Relationship between Hope and Depression among Chinese Shadow Education Tutors: A Serial Mediation Model 2023

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