The National Labs: Science in an American System, 1947–1974

Abstract

* Introduction * Why Study the Labs? * What Were the Labs? * The Approach * I. The Framework *1. Origins * Manhattan Project * Postwar Plans * Postwar Realities *2. Individuality * Contractors * Laboratory Organization * Manpower *3. Interdependence * Security * Organization of the AEC * The Path of Proposals * The Lab Directors' Club * II. The Environment *4. Cold War Winter, 1947--1954 * Drivers * Big Equipment * Small Science *5. False Spring, 1954--1962 * Nationalism and Internationalism * Boundary Disputes * III. Consequences *6. Adaptive Strategies * Specialization * Diversification *7. Exemplary Additions * Biomedicine, 1947--1954 * Solid-State and Materials Science, 1954--1962 * IV. Epilogue and Conclusion *8. Epilogue, 1962--1974 * The Framework * The Environment * The Response *9. Conclusion: Strategy and Structure * The Actors * The System: A New Species * National Labs and National Goals * Appendix 1. Laboratory Operating Budgets, 1948--1966 * Appendix 2. Laboratory Operating Budgets, 1973 * Abbreviations * Notes * Index

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