AQUINAS ON ATTACHMENT, ENVY, AND HATRED IN THE SUMMA THEOLOGICA

Keith Green

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Medieval Philosophy and Theology Emotions and Moral Behavior History of Emotions Research

Abstract

ABSTRACT This essay examines Aquinas's discussions of hatred in Summa Theologica I‐II, Q. 29 and II‐II, Q. 34, in order to retrieve an account of what contemporary theorists of the emotions call its cognitive contents. In Aquinas's view, hatred is constituted as a passion by a narrative pattern that includes its intentional object, beliefs, perceptions of changes in bodily states, and motivated desires. This essay endorses Aquinas's broadly “cognitivist” account of passional hatred, in line with his way of treating passions in general. I suggest that Aquinas's account of hatred's arising out of attachment is compelling. However, I also argue that if Aquinas's treatment of hatred is to help us understand the phenomenon of hate, where classes of people are abominated for an identity they bear, and to avoid equating an oppressor's hatred with that of the oppressed for the oppressor, the cognitive pathway to hatred must be broader than through envy.

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References

1954Nature of Prejudice 2001Upheavals of Thought 2002Upheavals of thought: the intelligence of emotions 1988The Importance of What We Care About 1999On Virtue Ethics 1987The Rationality of Emotion 1992Love's Knowledge: Essays on Philosophy and Literature 1988Forgiveness and Mercy

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