The interactions between all neighbouring organisms

Abstract

The roles of early European botanists in developing the concepts of plant dynamics are acknowledged in the reviews of Tansley (1947), Cowles (1911) and Coleman (1986). The shift from the study of vegetation in terms of plant distribution to the understanding of change and interrelationship evolved from von Humboldt (1807) to Haeckel (1866) who stressed the interaction between organisms, as did Darwin. However, it was Eugenius Warming, together with Buffon, Biberg and Dureau de la Malle, who played the key roles in developing the foundation for the theories of plant dynamics upon which later ecologists built.

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