Minimizing the risk of intrusion: a grounded theory of intimate partner violence disclosure in emergency departments

Cristina Catallo · Susan Michelle Jack · Donna K. Ciliska · Harriet L. MacMillan

39 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Advanced Nursing

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Elder Abuse and Neglect

Abstract

AIMS: To report a study of processes used by women to disclose intimate partner violence to healthcare professionals in urban emergency department settings. BACKGROUND: Women seek emergency care for impairment related to intimate partner violence yet face barriers non-judgmental and supportive care. DESIGN: A two-phase sequential explanatory mixed methods study. METHODS: The study was conducted in Ontario, Canada (May 2006-December 2007). In a sub-analysis of quantitative data with 1182 participants, 15% of women patients reported intimate partner violence, but only 2% disclosed to a healthcare professional. To understand these results, grounded theory with 19 participants was completed. RESULTS/FINDINGS: Participants identified that the basic social problem was the violence 'being found out' by healthcare professionals while receiving care. To address this problem, women undertook a process to minimize intrusion including: deciding to seek care, evaluating the level of trust with the presenting healthcare professional, and establishing personal readiness to disclose. The trajectory of this process was different for each participant with some negotiating all phases leading to violence disclosure. The length of time it took for participants to move through each phase varied across all participants. Common to all participants was the anticipation and the actual experience of intrusion and its influence on women's willingness to disclose intimate partner violence. CONCLUSION: The results suggest nurses may be able to facilitate disclosure of intimate partner violence through limiting intrusion. This can include assessment in a private setting, and fewer professionals who interact with the client.

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References

1968The Discovery of Grounded Theory; Strategies for Qualitative Research 2007Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research 1992Basics of Grounded Theory Analysis: Emergence Vs. Forcing 2001Dictionary of qualitative inquiry 2002Intimate Partner Violence and Physical Health Consequences 2000Methodological issues in grounded theory 2006Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence 2004Intimate Partner Violence and Physical Health Consequences

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2023The influences of sociocultural norms on women's decision to disclose intimate partner violence: Integrative review 2021“Getting out from Intimate Partner Violence: Dynamics and Processes. A Qualitative Analysis of Female and Male Victims’ Narratives”2018Health and Health Care From the Perspective of Intimate Partner Violence Adult Female Victims in Shelters 2016Receiving care for intimate partner violence in primary care: Barriers and enablers for women participating in the weave randomised controlled trial 2012Identifying the Turning Point: Using the Transtheoretical Model of Change to Map Intimate Partner Violence Disclosure in Emergency Department Settings

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