Article2000

Cognitive dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Ahmed Okasha · M. Rafaat · G. El Nahas · A. Seif El Dawla · M. El Sayed · S. El Kholi

170 citations0/0 files storedActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica

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Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of cognitive functions among obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients would help in understanding the neurobiology and brain areas involved in that disorder. The objective of this work was to study the cognitive dysfunction in OCD patients and to identify its correlation with both the clinical picture and the severity of the disorder. METHOD: Neuropsychological and electrophysiological event-related potentials were tested in 30 OCD patients and compared with 30 normal volunteers of a matched gender, age and education. RESULTS: Results showed a defective visuospatial recognition, which worsens with chronicity, deteriorated set-shifting abilities, overfocused attention to irrelevant stimuli and delayed selective attention to relevant tasks. Mild cases showed better selective attention than severe cases. Obsessive cases had a defective visual memory, while compulsive cases had delayed perception of task relevant stimuli. Mixed cases showed disturbed information-processing both early and late. CONCLUSION: OCD patients have a characteristic pattern of cognitive dysfunction that differs among patients of varied severity, chronicity and symptom type. We suggest a striatofrontoparietal neural pathophysiology. OCD seems to be a heterogeneous disorder, both clinically and pathophysiologically.

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References

1989The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale 1981Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder 1988Neuroanatomical abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder detected with quantitative X-ray computed tomography 1984Computerized tomography and neuropsychological test measures in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder 1990Obsessive‐compulsive disorder: a clinical, neuropsychological and positron emission tomography study 1989Deficit in cognitive shifting ability in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

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2005Executive function and nonverbal memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder 2009A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of inhibitory control in obsessive-compulsive disorder 2004Selective cognitive deficits in obsessive‐compulsive disorder compared to panic disorder with agoraphobia 2015The cognitive neuropsychology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A critical review 2003Brain glucose metabolic changes associated with neuropsychological improvements after 4 months of treatment in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder 2013Brain circuitries of obsessive compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies

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