Family-based care and psychological problems of AIDS orphans: Does it matter who was the care-giver?

Guoxiang Zhao · Qun Zhao · Xiaoming Li · Xiaoyi Fang · Junfeng Zhao · Liying Zhang

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Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare Child Welfare and Adoption Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare psychological symptoms among double AIDS orphans (i.e. children who lost both of their parents to HIV/AIDS) who were in the care of different family-based caregivers (i.e. surviving parent, grandparents, other relatives, and non-relatives) before they were replaced in orphanages. The participants include 176 double AIDS orphans from four AIDS orphanages in rural China. Prior to being replaced in AIDS orphanages, these children had received family-based care by different caregivers, which included surviving parent (38%), grandparents (22%), other relatives (19%), and non-relatives (22%). The psychological measures include traumatic symptoms, depression, and loneliness. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses suggested that children who were previously cared for by non-relatives scored significantly higher in traumatic symptoms, depression, and loneliness scales than children who were previously cared for by their surviving parent, grandparents, and other relatives. Children in the care of grandparents reported the best scores on all psychological measures among children in the care of non-parent relatives. Multivariate analysis, controlling for children's gender, age, length in orphanages, number of household replacements, and total duration of replacement, revealed that the type of caregivers was significantly associated with psychological problems. Results in the current study suggest that children under the care of their grandparents reported the best psychological outcomes when their parents were unable to care for them because of AIDS. Appropriate psychological support and counseling services are needed for AIDS orphans who were either currently or previously under non-relative family-based care in China.

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References

1984Loneliness in Children 1990SCREENING FOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: VALIDATING THE CENTER FOR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDEES DEPRESSION SCALE FOR CHILDREN 1996Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children 2004Extended family's and women's roles in safeguarding orphans’ education in AIDS-afflicted rural Zimbabwe 2007Children, AIDS and the politics of orphan care in Ethiopia: The extended family revisited 2000The impact of grandparental proximity on maternal childcare in China 1994Children in kinship care: How do they fare?2001Grandmothers Raising Grandchildren: Are They at Increased Risk of Health Problems?

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