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INFERNO II.108 has puzzled commentators from the beginning. There has been general agreement that Lucia's words to Beatrice at Inf. II.107–08, asking her why she does not hasten to Dante's help, ‘non vedi tu la morte che 'l combatte / su la fiumana onde [or “ove”] ‘l mar non ha vanto?’, must refer to the same predicament as that described in INFERNO I, where Dante's attempt to climb the mountain is finally thwarted by the Wolf. It has, therefore, been generally accepted that the death spoken of is that of the soul, and that the fiumana must refer to the impetus to sin, to cupidigia in a broad sense: attention to the things of this world rather than to the realm of the spirit and to God as the supreme good. However, despite this broad agreement, there has been no consensus on how precisely the images of the river and the sea at II.108 are to be understood, and in particular no consensus on what is signified by the descriptive phrase referring to the river, ‘onde/ove 'l mar non ha vanto’.
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