Article2003

The neurology of learning and behavioural problems in pre‐adolescent children

Laura Batstra · Jan Neeleman · Mijna Hadders‐Algra

45 citations0/0 files storedActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica

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Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology Autism Spectrum Disorder Research Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether in pre-adolescent children specific types of minor neurological dysfunction (MND) are related to specific types of learning and behavioural problems, and whether it is the type or the severity of neurological dysfunction that matters most. METHOD: A total of 1186, 5.5-11-year-old, children were examined for the presence of clusters of signs of MND. Parents and teachers completed brief behaviour rating scales. In school-aged children (n = 580) cognitive achievement was assessed using standardized Dutch tests. Least-squares regression was used to examine neurobehavioural and neurocognitive links. RESULTS: Children with more MND clusters performed worse scholastically and had more signs of attention deficit than others. Externalizing and internalizing behaviour were only linked to specific forms of MND. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the neurological condition of the child with learning and behavioural problems offers insight into the aetiology and pathogenesis of these problems.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2022Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1987Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: Implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity.1971A Neuropsychiatric Study in Childhood 1994Clumsiness in Adolescence: Educational, Motor, and Social Outcomes of Motor Delay Detected at 5 Years 1999Developmental Coordination Disorder in Swedish 7-Year-Old Children 1979Examination of the child with minor neurological dysfunction 1975Minimal Brain Dysfunction

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