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FOREVER THE SYMBOLIC ASSAILANT: THE MORE THINGS CHANGE, THE MORE THEY REMAIN THE SAME

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2004Seeing Black: Race, Crime, and Visual Processing.1,208 cited
2002The police officer's dilemma: Using ethnicity to disambiguate potentially threatening individuals.1,173 cited
2001Prejudice and perception: The role of automatic and controlled processes in misperceiving a weapon.1,151 cited
1968The Limits of the Criminal Sanction879 cited
2007“POLICE DON'T LIKE BLACK PEOPLE”: AFRICAN‐AMERICAN YOUNG MEN'S ACCUMULATED POLICE EXPERIENCES*843 cited
2021The General Social Surveys654 cited
2000Experience, quality of life, and neighborhood context: A hierarchical analysis of satisfaction with police615 cited
1993Above the law: police and the excessive use of force608 cited
2002PERCEPTIONS OF RACIAL PROFILING: RACE, CLASS, AND PERSONAL EXPERIENCE*529 cited
1993Critical Issues in Policing: Contemporary Readings499 cited
2000Street Stops and Broken Windows: Terry , Race and Disorder in New York City344 cited

Cited by

2009Latino Youths' Experiences with and Perceptions of Involuntary Police Encounters137 cited
2016Race and policing in historical context: Dehumanization and the policing of Black people in the 21st century135 cited
2010Race, Ethnicity, and Policing New and Essential Readings123 cited

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2010NEIGHBORHOOD STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS, INDIVIDUAL‐LEVEL ATTITUDES, AND YOUTHS' CRIME REPORTING INTENTIONS*122 cited

2009An Inquiry Into the Impact of Suspect Race on Police Use of Tasers108 cited

2008The Role of Race/Ethnicity and Race Relations on Public Opinion Related to the Treatment of Blacks by the Police91 cited

2021Too much policing: Why calls are made to defund the police87 cited

2019Producing race disparities: A study of drug arrests across place and race*81 cited

2017Thinking fast, not slow: How cognitive biases may contribute to racial disparities in the use of force in police-citizen encounters74 cited

2009Racial Bias in Case Processing: Does Victim Race Affect Police Clearance of Violent Crime Incidents?67 cited

2010Race, Gender, and the Perception of Recently Experiencing Unfair Treatment by the Police: Exploratory Results From an All-Black Sample67 cited

2011Age Matters62 cited

2017“Your Pants Won’t Save You”54 cited

2014Race, Space, and Being Policed52 cited

2017What does Gunshot Detection Technology tell us about gun violence?38 cited

2021To Report or Not to Report? A Focal Concerns Analysis of Victim Reporting Decisions Following Victimization23 cited