Implicit theories about intelligence and growth (personal best) goals: Exploring reciprocal relationships

Andrew J. Martin

76 citations0/0 files storedBritish Journal of Educational Psychology

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Education, Achievement, and Giftedness Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There has been increasing interest in growth approaches to students' academic development, including value-added models, modelling of academic trajectories, growth motivation orientations, growth mindsets, and growth goals. AIMS: This study sought to investigate the relationships between implicit theories about intelligence (incremental and entity theories) and growth (personal best, PB) goals - with particular interest in the ordering of factors across time. SAMPLE: The study focused on longitudinal data of 969 Australian high school students. METHOD: The classic cross-lagged panel design (using structural equation modelling) was employed to shed light on the ordering of Time 1 growth goals, incremental theories, and entity theories relative to Time 2 (1 year later) growth goals, incremental theories, and entity theories. RESULTS: Findings showed that Time 1 growth goals predicted Time 2 incremental theories (positively) and entity theories (negatively); Time 1 entity and incremental theories negatively predicted Time 2 incremental and entity theories respectively; but, Time 1 incremental theories and entity theories did not predict growth goals at Time 2. CONCLUSION: This suggests that entity and incremental theories are negatively reciprocally related across time, but growth goals seem to be directionally salient over incremental and entity theories. Implications for promoting growth goals and growth mindsets are discussed.

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References

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2015The role of personal best (PB) and dichotomous achievement goals in students’ academic motivation and engagement: a longitudinal investigation 2017Students’ Growth Mindsets, Goals, and Academic Outcomes in Mathematics 2016The role of implicit theories of intelligence and ability in predicting achievement for Indigenous (Aboriginal) Australian students 2018Achievement goals, behavioural engagement, and mathematics achievement: A mediational analysis 2018Predicting primary students’ self-regulated learning by their prior achievement, interest, personal best goal orientation and teacher feedback

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