Root cause analysis, Lean Six Sigma and test of hypothesis

Shri Ashok Sarkar · Arup Ranjan Mukhopadhyay · Sadhan Kumar Ghosh

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Quality and Supply Management Management and Optimization Techniques Management Systems and Quality Improvement

Abstract

Purpose In implementing Six Sigma and/or Lean Six Sigma, a practitioner often faces a dilemma of how to select the subset of root causes from a superset of all possible potential causes, popularly known as root cause analysis (RCA). Generally one resorts to the cause and effect diagram for this purpose. However, the practice adopted for identification of root causes is in many situations quite arbitrary and lacks a systematic, structured approach based on the rigorous data driven statistical analysis. This paper aims at developing a methodology for validation of potential causes to root causes to aid practitioners. Design/methodology/approach Discussion has been made on various methods for identification and validation of potential causes to root causes with the help of a few real life examples for effective Lean Six Sigma implementation. Findings The cause and effect diagram is the frequently adopted method for identifying potential causes out of a host of methods available for such identification. The method of validation depends on the practitioners’ knowledge on the relationship between cause and effect and controllability of the causes. Originality/value The roadmap thus evolved for the validation of root causes will be of great value to the practitioners as it is expected to help them understand the ground reality in an unambiguous manner resulting in a superior strategy for cause validation and corrective actions.

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References

1992Introduction to Statistical Quality Control 2005The integration of lean management and Six Sigma 2002Lean Six Sigma : combining Six Sigma quality with lean speed 1965The New Rational Manager 2011Six Sigma vs Lean 2005Root Cause Analysis: A Framework for Tool Selection 2012Implementation of the Lean Six Sigma framework in non-profit organisations: A case study 2010Managing recalls in a consumer product supply chain – root cause analysis and measures to mitigate risks

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