Hebrew and theHebraicumin late Anglo-Saxon England

Abstract

St Jerome's third Latin translation of theSefer Tehillimor ‘Book of Psalms’ is called theiuxta HebraeosorHebraicum, because he based it on the original Hebrew in which it was composed in order to obtain the greatest authenticity possible. Preceded by the so-calledRomanumversion ofc.384, which was primarily a translation of the Greek Septuagint, and theGallicanumofc.392 which was a revision of it based on Origen's hexaplaric Septuagint text, theHebraicumversion ofc.400 represents an attempt by Jerome to produce a Latin translation as close as possible to the Hebrew text. However, despite its greater accuracy with respect to the Hebrew original, theHebraicumwas apparently never used in the liturgy, and was preserved solely as a patristic text in bibles or psalters for scholarly use.

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