Soviet military expenditure and the armaments industry, 1929–33: A reconsideration

Abstract

development of the armaments industries' in the 1920s and 1930s. In 1937-40 some official figures had been published for armaments industry production, and for investment in the armaments industry; these proved compatible with the unpublished 1941 plan, acquired by the Americans from the Germans at the end of the war.2 But for the years before 1937 the only available series showed (in current prices) the expenditure of the state budget on the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs (NKVoenMor or NKVMD). The NKVoenMor budget apparently covered munitions procurement as well as pay and maintenance of the armed forces. The published annual figure for budget expenditure on the NKVoenMor increased at a moderate pace in the years 1928/29 to 1933; it then rose by as much as 253% in the single year 1934, the year after Hitler assumed power in Germany, as the following figures show (in million rubles at current prices):

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